Verão de 2008

O meu grande amigo Ricardo Malafaia, irmão do humurista Daniel Malafaia afirmou que esta música e video se refere ao verão que passámos na Póvoa de Varzim em serviço militar...

Os Cinco pontos da Nova Arquitetura - Le Corbusier

Os Cinco pontos da Nova Arquitetura são o resultado das pesquisas realizadas nos anos iniciais das carreiras dos arquitetos Le Corbusier e Pierre Jeanneret (seu primo e sócio). Sua forma final foi publicada em 1926 na revista francesa L'Esprit Nouveau. Um ou mais dos pontos são utilizados em alguns projetos anteriores a esta publicação e aparecerão pela primeira vez na Casa Cook, em 1926. É na Villa Garches e na Villa Savoye, no entanto, que estes serão utilizados de forma mais expressiva. Estes conceitos permitiram tornar os elementos constitutivos do projeto independentes uns dos outros, possibilitando a maior liberdade de criação.

[editar] Os 5 pontos

1. Planta Livre: através de uma estrutura independente permite a livre locação das paredes, já que estas não mais precisam exercer a função estrutural.
2. Fachada Livre: resulta igualmente da independência da estrutura. Assim, a fachada pode ser projetada sem impedimentos.
3. Pilotis: sistema de pilares que elevam o prédio do chão, permitindo o trânsito por debaixo do mesmo.
4. Terraço Jardim: "recupera" o solo ocupado pelo prédio, "transferindo-o" para cima do prédio na forma de um jardim.
5. Janelas em Banda: possibilitadas pela fachada livre, permitem uma relação desimpedida com a paisagem.

O sucesso dos cinco pontos

O sucesso dos cinco pontos foi tal que, com o tempo, estes deixaram de ser associados apenas a Le Corbusier e se tornaram cânones da arquitetura moderna. Assim, arquitetos de países diversos adotaram os preceitos parcial ou integralmente em seus projetos. No Brasil, o prédio do Ministério da Educação e Saúde Pública, projeto de Lucio Costa e Oscar Niemeyer, entre outros, (com a consultoria de Le Corbusier), utiliza integralmente os cinco pontos arquitetônicos.

Tribute to Cliff Burton

Stencil by Gemma Trickey

Alfons Mucha

By the time of his death, Mucha's style was considered outdated. However, his son, author Jiří Mucha, devoted much of his life to writing about him and bringing attention to his art. Interest in Mucha's distinctive style experienced a strong revival in the 1960s (with a general interest in Art Nouveau)[4] and is particularly evident in the psychedelic posters of Hapshash and the Coloured Coat, the collective name for two British artists, Michael English and Nigel Waymouth, who designed posters for groups such as Pink Floyd and The Incredible String Band.

In his own country, the new authorities were not interested in Mucha. His Slav Epic was rolled and stored for twenty-five years before being shown in Moravsky Krumlov and only recently has a Mucha museum appeared in Prague, run by his grandson[2].

It has continued to experience periodic revivals of interest for illustrators and artists. It is a strong acknowledged influence for Stuckist painter Paul Harvey whose subjects have included Madonna and whose work was used to promote The Stuckists Punk Victorian show at the Walker Art Gallery during the 2004 Liverpool Biennial.[5] Sailor Moon released a series of official posters depicting five of the main characters mimicking Mucha's style. Comic book artist and current Marvel Comics Editor in Chief Joe Quesada also borrowed heavily from Mucha's techniques for a series of covers, posters, and prints. Deathgrind band Soilent Green used a picture by Mucha for the cover of their album Sewn Mouth Secrets.[6]

One of Mucha's paintings, Quo Vadis or alternately Petronius and Eunice, was the subject of a legal dispute in 1986. The judgment handed down by Richard Posner describes parts of Mucha's life and work biographically.[7]

Among his many other accomplishments, Mucha was also the founder of Czech Freemasonry.







Alfons Maria Mucha was born in the town of Ivančice, Moravia (today's region of Czech Republic). His singing abilities allowed him to continue his education through high school in the Moravian capital of Brno, even though drawing had been his first love since childhood. He worked at decorative painting jobs in Moravia, mostly painting theatrical scenery, then in 1879 moved to Vienna to work for a leading Viennese theatrical design company, while informally furthering his artistic education. When a fire destroyed his employer's business in 1881 he returned to Moravia, doing freelance decorative and portrait painting. Count Karl Khuen of Mikulov hired Mucha to decorate Hrušovany Emmahof Castle with murals, and was impressed enough that he agreed to sponsor Mucha's formal training at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts.
Poster of Maude Adams as Joan of Arc, 1909
Poster of Maude Adams as Joan of Arc, 1909

Mucha moved to Paris in 1887, and continued his studies at Académie Julian and Académie Colarossi while also producing magazine and advertising illustrations. Around Christmas 1894, Mucha happened to drop into a print shop where there was a sudden and unexpected demand for a new poster to advertise a play starring Sarah Bernhardt, the most famous actress in Paris, at the Theatre de la Renaissance. Mucha volunteered to produce a lithographed poster within two weeks, and on 1 January 1895, the advertisement for Gismonda appeared on the streets of the city. It was an overnight sensation and announced the new artistic style and its creator to the citizens of Paris.[2]. Bernhardt was so satisfied with the success of that first poster that she entered into a 6 years contract with Mucha.

Mucha produced a flurry of paintings, posters, advertisements, and book illustrations, as well as designs for jewellery, carpets, wallpaper, and theatre sets in what was initially called the Mucha Style but became know as Art Nouveau. Mucha's works frequently featured beautiful healthy young women in flowing vaguely Neoclassical looking robes, often surrounded by lush flowers which sometimes formed haloes behind the women's heads. In contrast with contemporary poster makers he used paler pastel colors[3]. The 1900 Universal Exhibition in Paris diffused the "Mucha style" internationally. He decorated the Bosnia and Herzegovina Pavilion and collaborated in the Austrian one. His Art Nouveau style was often imitated. However, this was a style that Mucha attempted to distance himself from throughout his life; he insisted always that, rather than adhering to any fashionable stylistic form, his paintings came purely from within and Czech art[2]. He declared that art existed only to communicate a spiritual message, and nothing more; hence his frustration at the fame he gained through commercial art, when he wanted always to concentrate on more lofty projects that would ennoble art and his birthplace.